Cov tshuab hluav taws xob

Generators yog cov cuab yeej siv los hloov lwm hom hluav taws xob rau hauv hluav taws xob hluav taws xob. Xyoo 1832, Fab Kis Fab Kis tau tsim lub tshuab hluav taws xob.

Lub tshuab hluav taws xob yog tsim los ntawm rotor thiab stator. Lub rotor yog nyob rau hauv nruab nrab kab noj hniav ntawm stator. Nws nta magnetic ncej ntawm lub rotor los tsim ib qho chaw sib nqus. Raws li tus prime mover tsav lub rotor tig, mechanical zog yog pauv. Lub rotor lub magnetic ncej tig ntawm kev kub ceev nrog rau lub rotor, ua rau lub magnetic teb cuam tshuam nrog stator winding. Qhov kev sib cuam tshuam no ua rau cov hlau nplaum hlais hla cov stator winding tus neeg xyuas pib, tsim kom muaj kev cuam tshuam hluav taws xob, thiab yog li hloov cov tshuab hluav taws xob rau hauv hluav taws xob. Cov tshuab hluav taws xob tau muab faib ua DC generators thiab AC generators, uas yog siv dav hauv kev lag luam thiab kev ua liaj ua teb, kev tiv thaiv hauv tebchaws, kev tshawb fawb thiab thev naus laus zis, thiab lub neej niaj hnub.

Cov qauv tsis muaj

Cov tshuab hluav taws xob feem ntau muaj xws li stator, rotor, kawg lub kaus mom thiab bearings.

Lub stator muaj ib tug stator core, hlau windings, ib tug ncej, thiab lwm yam structural qhov chaw uas kho qhov chaw.

Lub rotor muaj cov tub ntxhais rotor (los yog sib nqus ncej, sib nqus choke) winding, tus neeg zov lub nplhaib, lub nplhaib nruab nrab, lub nplhaib plam, kiv cua thiab rotor ncej thiab lwm yam khoom.

Lub stator thiab rotor ntawm lub tshuab hluav taws xob txuas thiab sib sau ua ke los ntawm cov kabmob thiab lub hau kawg, kom lub rotor tuaj yeem tig rau hauv stator thiab ua lub zog ntawm kev txiav cov kab sib nqus ntawm lub zog, yog li tsim cov hluav taws xob induced, uas yog coj tawm los ntawm cov terminals thiab txuas mus rau hauv Circuit Court, thiab ces cov hluav taws xob tam sim no yog generated.

Functional Features

Synchronous generator kev ua tau zoo yog tus yam ntxwv tshwj xeeb los ntawm tsis muaj kev thauj khoom thiab kev ua haujlwm thauj khoom. Cov yam ntxwv no yog lub hauv paus tseem ceeb rau cov neeg siv xaiv cov tshuab hluav taws xob.

Tsis-Load Characterization:Thaum lub tshuab hluav taws xob ua haujlwm yam tsis muaj kev thauj khoom, lub armature tam sim no yog xoom, qhov xwm txheej hu ua qhib-circuit ua haujlwm. Lub sij hawm no, peb-theem winding ntawm lub cev muaj zog stator tsuas yog tsis muaj-load electromotive quab yuam E0 (peb-theem symmetry) induced los ntawm cov excitation tam sim no Yog, thiab nws qhov loj ntawm qhov nce ntxiv ntawm Yog. Txawm li cas los xij, ob qho tib si tsis sib npaug vim tias lub cev muaj zog sib nqus hluav taws xob yog saturated. Qhov nkhaus qhia txog kev sib raug zoo ntawm qhov tsis muaj hluav taws xob hluav taws xob E0 thiab qhov excitation tam sim no yog hu ua tus yam ntxwv tsis muaj load ntawm lub tshuab hluav taws xob synchronous.

Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv Armature:Thaum lub tshuab hluav taws xob txuas nrog cov khoom sib luag, peb theem tam sim no nyob rau hauv armature winding generates lwm rotating magnetic teb, uas yog hu ua armature teb. Nws qhov ceev yog sib npaug ntawm lub rotor, thiab ob lub rotate synchronously.

Ob lub tshuab hluav taws xob Synchronous 'armature reactive teb thiab rotor excitation teb tuaj yeem kwv yees li ob qho tib si raug faib raws li txoj cai sinusoidal. Lawv spatial theem sib txawv nyob ntawm lub sij hawm theem sib txawv ntawm lub tsis muaj-load electromotive quab yuam E0 thiab armature tam sim no I. Tsis tas li ntawd, lub armature teb kuj muaj feem xyuam rau lub load tej yam kev mob. Thaum lub generator load yog inductive, lub armature teb teb muaj ib tug demagnetizing nyhuv, ua rau ib tug txo nyob rau hauv lub generator voltage. Conversely, thaum lub load yog capacitive, lub armature teb teb muaj ib tug magnetizing nyhuv, uas tsub kom cov zis voltage ntawm lub generator.

Load kev khiav hauj lwm yam ntxwv:Nws tsuas yog hais txog cov yam ntxwv sab nraud thiab cov yam ntxwv hloov kho. Tus yam ntxwv sab nraud piav qhia txog kev sib raug zoo ntawm lub tshuab hluav taws xob davhlau ya nyob twg voltage U thiab lub sijhawm thauj khoom tam sim no I, muab qhov ntsuas tsis tu ncua, qhov ua kom muaj zog tam sim no, thiab lub zog thauj khoom. Cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev hloov pauv piav qhia txog kev sib raug zoo ntawm qhov excitation tam sim no Yog tias thiab lub sijhawm thauj khoom tam sim no I, muab qhov ntsuas tsis tu ncua, qhov ntsuas hluav taws xob tam sim no, thiab lub zog thauj khoom.

Qhov voltage variation tus nqi ntawm synchronous generators yog kwv yees li 20-40%. Ib qho kev lag luam thiab cov khoom siv hauv tsev yuav tsum muaj qhov hluav taws xob tsis tu ncua. Yog li ntawd, lub excitation tam sim no yuav tsum tau kho raws li qhov load tam sim no nce. Txawm hais tias qhov kev hloov pauv ntawm kev tswj hwm tus yam ntxwv yog qhov sib txawv ntawm cov yam ntxwv sab nraud, nws nce rau inductive thiab purely resistive loads, thaum nws feem ntau txo qis rau capacitive loads.

Txoj Cai Ua Haujlwm

Diesel Generator

Lub cav diesel tsav lub tshuab hluav taws xob, hloov lub zog ntawm cov roj diesel rau hauv hluav taws xob. Nyob rau hauv lub tog raj kheej ntawm lub cav diesel, huab cua huv, lim los ntawm huab cua lim, sib tov kom huv si nrog lub siab-siab atomized diesel roj txhaj los ntawm cov roj injector. Raws li lub piston txav mus rau sab saud, compressing qhov sib tov, nws qhov ntim txo thiab qhov kub thiab txias nce mus txog thaum nws mus txog qhov hluav taws kub ntawm cov roj diesel. Qhov no ignites cov roj diesel, ua rau cov sib tov rau combust hnyav. Kev nthuav dav sai ntawm cov pa roj ces yuam lub piston nqes mus, ib txoj kev hu ua 'ua haujlwm'.

Roj av Generator

Roj av cav tsav lub tshuab hluav taws xob, hloov cov tshuaj siv hluav taws xob ntawm cov roj av mus rau hauv hluav taws xob. Nyob rau hauv lub tog raj kheej ntawm ib tug roj av cav, ib tug sib tov ntawm roj thiab huab cua nyob rau hauv combustion sai, ua rau ib tug ceev expansion nyob rau hauv ntim uas yuam lub piston downwards, ua hauj lwm.

Nyob rau hauv ob qho tib si diesel thiab roj av generators, txhua lub tog raj kheej ua haujlwm ua ntu zus hauv ib qho kev txiav txim tshwj xeeb. Lub zog quab yuam ntawm lub piston yog hloov los ntawm tus pas txuas txuas mus rau hauv lub zog tig, uas ua rau lub crankshaft. Ib qho brushless synchronous AC generator, coaxially mounted nrog lub hwj chim cav lub crankshaft, tso cai rau lub cav tig los tsav lub generator lub rotor. Raws li lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm electromagnetic induction, lub generator ces tsim ib tug induced electromotive quab yuam, generating tam sim no los ntawm ib tug kaw load Circuit Court.